Bunions are bony bumps that form at the base of the big toe, causing the toe to shift toward the others. They can lead to pain, swelling, and difficulty wearing shoes.

Causes & Risk Factors

• Genetics: Some people inherit foot shapes prone to bunions.

• Footwear: Tight, narrow, or high-heeled shoes can worsen bunions.

• Arthritis: Conditions like rheumatoid arthritis can contribute.

• Foot stress or injuries: Repetitive pressure on the big toe joint.

Symptoms

• A visible bump at the base of the big toe

• Redness, swelling, or soreness

• Pain that worsens with tight shoes

• Limited movement of the big toe

• Corns or calluses from friction

Treatment Options

• Footwear changes: Wide-toe shoes with good arch support

• Orthotics: Custom inserts to relieve pressure

• Padding & taping: Reduces irritation

• Ice & anti-inflammatory medications: Helps with swelling

• Surgery: For severe cases where pain persists despite conservative treatments

Prevention Tips

• Wear properly fitting shoes with a wide toe box

• Avoid prolonged use of high heels​

• Use bunion pads or splints to slow progression