Calluses are thickened, hardened areas of skin that develop due to repeated friction or pressure. They commonly form on the feet, hands, and fingers.

Causes & Risk Factors

• Wearing tight or loose-fitting shoes that rub against the skin

• Walking barefoot frequently

• Using hand tools or playing instruments

• Conditions like bunions or hammertoes that create pressure points

Symptoms

• A raised, rough patch of skin

• Hardness and thickening of the skin

• Possible pain or tenderness underneath

• Dry, flaky skin

Treatment Options

• Self-care:

  • Soak the affected area in warm, soapy water to soften the skin.

  • Use a pumice stone or file to gently remove dead skin.

  • Apply moisturizer to keep the skin hydrated.

  • Wear protective pads or cushioned insoles.

• Medical treatments:​

  • Callus removal by a doctor using a scalpel.

  • Orthotics to redistribute pressure on the feet.

Prevention Tips

• Wear properly fitting shoes with enough toe space.

• Use gloves when handling tools.

• Apply padding to pressure-prone areas.

• Keep skin moisturized to prevent excessive dryness.