Fungal nail infections, also known as onychomycosis, occur when fungi invade the nail bed, causing discoloration, thickening, brittleness, and sometimes a foul odor. They are more common in toenails than fingernails and can result from exposure to damp environments, nail trauma, or underlying health conditions like diabetes.

Treatment Options:

• Topical antifungals: Over-the-counter or prescription creams and lacquers (e.g., ciclopirox, efinaconazole).

• Oral antifungals: Medications like terbinafine or itraconazole, which are more effective but require monitoring for side effects.

• Home remedies: Some people try tea tree oil, vinegar soaks, or hydrogen peroxide, though their effectiveness is limited.

Prevention Tips:

• Keep nails trimmed and clean.

• Avoid walking barefoot in public areas.

• Wear breathable shoes and moisture-wicking socks.

• Disinfect nail clippers and avoid sharing them.